Dangantaka a tsakanin Ɓangaren Zartarwa da Majalisar Dokoki na da matuƙar muhimmanci ga mulkin dimokuraɗiyya, ballantana a cikin tsarin salon mulki na Shugaban Kasa wanda ake amfani da Bangaren Zartarwa da Majalisa da Shari’a.
Majalisar Dokoki hakki ne da ya rataya a wuyanta ta samar da dokoki don tabbatar da zaman lafiya da shugabanci nagari.
Kuma tana da alhakin da ya rataya a wuyanta na sake duba tsarin mulki walau yi masa gyara ko soke dokoki, yayin da Ɓangaren Zartarwa, wanda a Najeriya a matakin tarayya shi ne Shugaban Kasa, shi ke da hurumin aiwatar da dokokin da majalisa ta kafa, shi kuma Bangaren Shari’a ya fassara dokokin.
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Masu fashin baki na cewa, don tabbatar da gudanar da harkokin gwamnati cikin sauki, dole ne a samu tuntuba a tsakanin Bangaren Zartarwa da Majalisar Dokoki da kuma Bangaren Shari’a, don tafiya a tare wajen samar da0maslaha ga al’ummar kasa, duk da cewa suna sa-ido ne ga juna don hana wuce makadi da rawa a tsakanin bangarorin gwamnati yayin gudanar da ayyukansu.
Njeriya ta samu shugabanni biyar bayan dawowar mulkin dimokuradiyya a 1999 bayan shafe shekaru da dama ana mulkin soja.
Shugabannin su ne Olusegun Obasanjo (1999- 2007), Umaru Musa ’Yar’aduwa (2007-2010), Goodluck Jonathan (2010-2015), Muhammadu Buhari (2015-2023) da Bola Ahmed Tinubu (2003- zuwa yanzu).
Obasanjo
A tsawon wa’adinsa na shekara 8, dangantaka ta rika tsami a tsakaninsa da ’yan majalisa.
Don a wa’adinsa na farko, Majalisar Wakilai ta ba shi sanarwar tsige shi a watan Agustan 2002 bisa zarginsa da keta haddin Kundin Tsarin Mulki da kuma tafiyar da Nijeriya a matsayin shugaban soji.
An zarge shi da gyara babban tanadin dokar kasafi na shekarar 2002 ta hanyar rage kasafin kudi zuwa kashi 44 cikin 100 ba tare da mika wa Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa don yin gyaran fuska ba.
Hakan ya saba wa Sashe na 80 (4) na Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Nijeriya na 1999.
Sai dai wani tsohon Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa, Sanata Anyim Pius Anyim, ya ce sauya manyan shugabannin Majalisa ta 4 da aka yi ba bisa ka’ida ba ne ya sa ’yan majalisar suka yi yunkurin tsige Obasanjo.
Hakazalika, tsohon Shugaban Majalisar Wakilai, marigayi Ghali Umar Na’abba, wanda ya jagoranci majalisar daga 1999 zuwa 2003, ya ce matakin da Obasanjo ya dauka na nada shugabannin a Majalisar Dokoki da kuma kudirin yakar ’yan majalisar ne ya haddasa dangantaka ta yi tsami a tsakanin bangarorin biyu.
Na’abba ya ce Obasanjo ya nemi a sauya ranar da za a rantsar da ’yan majalisar daga ranar 3 ga watan Yunin 1999 zuwa ranar 6 ga Yunin, domin ba shi isasshen lokaci wajen yin magudi a zaben Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa, wanda haka ne ya share fagen fitowar Sanata Evans Enwerem a matsayin Shugaban Majalisar Dattawan maimakon Sanata Chuba Okadigbo, wanda akasarin sanatoci suke so.
A zango na biyu na mulkin Obasanjo, batun ta-zarce karo na uku ya taso. Amma Majalisar Dattawa a karkashin jagorancin shugabanta, Ken Nnamani (PDP, Enugu ta Gabas), ta dakile wannan yunkuri na kara wa’adin mulki.
Batun da shi ma ya haifar da tsamin dangantaka a tsakanin Bangaren Zartarwa da na Majalisa.
Obasanjo, wanda wa’adinsa na biyu ya kare a shekarar 2007, a shekarar 2006 ya nemi tsawaita wa’adinsa fiye da yadda tsarin mulki ya ba shi na yin wa’adi biyu na shekara hudu kowane. Zargin da ya tsaya tsayin daka ya musanta.
Yunkurin tilasta wa Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa yi gyara a Kundin Tsarin Mulkin 1999 don ba shi damar tsawaita zamansa a kan karagar mulki ya ci tura.
Duk da cewa Majalisar Dokoki ta Kasa ta fara aiwatar da aikin gyaran Tsarin Mulkin, sai dai Majalisar Dattawa ta dauki wasu matakai da su ne suka yi sanadiyar kashe yunkurin Obasanjo na yin ta-zarce a karo na uku.
’Yar’aduwa
Ba a samu wani gagarumin rikici a tsakanin Bangaren Zartarwa da na Majalisa ba, a zamanin mulkin ’Yar’aduwa har sai da ya yi rashin lafiya da ta sa ya bar kasar nan, ba tare da ya mika wa Majalisar Dokoki wasika ba, kamar yadda Sashe na 145 na Tsarin Mulkin 1999 ya tanada.
Bayan shafe watanni a asibiti a kasar Saudiyya, ’yan adawa da ’Yar’aduwa a Majalisar Dokoki sun taso shi a gab, wanda ya fara haifar da fargabar tsige Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa dangane da tsawaita zaman da Shugaban ya yi na hutun jinya, duba da cewa bai mika wa majalisar wata wasika da ta umarci Mataimakinsa Goodluck Jonathan ya yi aiki ba.
Shugaban Majalisar Dattawa a lokacin David Mark ne (PDP, Binuwai ta Kudu).
A ƙarshe, majalisar ta amince da abin da ta kira “Dokar Lalura,” wadda ta bai wa Jonathan damar zama Shugaban Kasa na riko.
’Yar’aduwa ya rasu a shekara ta 2010, kuma Jonathan ya kasance cikakken Shugaban Kasa.
Jonathan
Dangantaka a tsakanin Bangaren Zartarwa da na Majalisa a karkashin mulkin Jonathan ta yi tsami sosai, domin shugaban ya kai karar Majalisar Dokoki kan gyaran Kundin Tsarin Mulkin.
Jonathan ya yi watsi da wasu gyare-gyare da majalisar ta yi wa Kundin Tsarin Mulkin 1999, inda ya ce an tafka kura-kurai 12 a cikin kudirin gyaran fuskar.
Majalisar Dokokin ta amince da kudirin gyaran dokar wanda ya tanadi tsayawar dan takara mai zaman kansa da kuma raba ofishin Babban Lauyan Tarayya da na Ministan Shari’a.
Har ila yau, kudirin ya samar da wani tanadi da ya haramta wa Shugaban Kasa amincewa da yin gyaran fuska ga Kundin Tsarin Mulki.
Jonathan ya ki amincewa da kudirin. ’Yan Majalisar dai, sun yi barazanar yin watsi da matakin na Shugaban Kasar amma Kotun Koli ta hana.
Shugaban ya garzaya Kotun Koli ne domin ya karya duk wani yunkuri da Majalisar Dokokin ke yi na amincewa da kudirin yin gyaran fuska ga Tsarin Mulkin a shekarar 2015.
Buhari
A lokacin mulkin Buhari na farko, lokacin da Bukola Saraki yake shugabantar Majalisar Dattawa kuma Yakubu Dogara ke shugabanci Majalisar Wakilai, an ce Majalisar Dokokin na adawa da Bangaren Zartarwa.
Amma a zango na biyu, an bayyana Majalisa ta 9 a matsayin ’yar amshin shata a karkashin shugabancin Sanata Ahmad Lawan.
A daidai lokaci ne wannan tambari da aka yi wa majalisar na cewa ’yar amshin shata ya yi fice a tarihin majalisar kasar nan.
Masana da dama sun bayyana majalisar a matsayin mafi muni a tarihin dimokuradiyyar Nijeriya, wasu na cewa ba ta cim ma komai ba dangane da muhimman ayyukan da ya rataya a wuyanta.
An ce Majalisa ta 9 ta kasance tamkar wata rumfa ga fadar Shugaban Kasa, inda aka zarge ta da mika ’yancinta da ikonta ga fadar.
Misali, Majalisar Dattawan a karkashin jagorancin Sanata Ahmed Lawan ta ci gaba da biyan bukatun Shugaba Buhari, musamman na karbo rance daga kasashen waje.
Tinubu
Majalisar ta 10 ta fara aiki ne a watan Yunin 2023, bayan Shugaba Tinubu ya hau karagar mulki a ranar 29 ga watan Mayu, wasu na ganin cewa lokaci ya yi da za a iya tantance alakar da ke tsakaninsu.
Masu fashin baki dai sun yi nuni da cewa ayyukan da Majalisa ta 10 ta yi zuwa yanzu suna nuna cewa su ma za su bi Majalisa ta 9, wato ’yan amshin shata Bangaren Zartarwa.
Domin kuwa galibin manyan masu fada-a-ji a majalisar masu biyayya ne ga Shugaban Kasar.
A kwanakin baya Shugaba Tinubu ya bukaci mambobin Majalisar Dokokin su yi hattara wajen gayyatar shugabannin ma’aikatu da hukumomin gwamnati (MDAs) gaban kwamitocin majalisar, inda ’yan Najeriya da dama suke kallon hakan a matsayin wata hanya ta hana majalisar bincikar Bangaren Zartarwa.
Wani manazarci da ya nemi a sakaya sunansa ya ce, “A yadda nake ji, zuwa yanzu abin takaici ne.
Abin ya yi kama da Majalisar Dattawa 9 da Ahmad Lawan ya jagoranta, wanda hakan abin takaici ne, musamman ga Majalisar Dattawa.
Majalisar Dattawa tana yin biyayya ga Bangaren Zartarwa, kuma har ta kai ana gallaza wa ’yan Majalisar Dattawan, sannan ta kasance cikin rudani. Manyan sanatoci da dama ba sa ji dadin yadda al’amura suke tafiya.
Yadda dangantaka ke shafar mulki — Farfesa Kari
Wani Farfesa a fannin Ilimin Zamantakewa a Jami’ar Abuja, Abubakar Kari, ya shaida wa Aminiya cewa harkokin mulki na haduwa da cikas duk lokacin da aka samu rashin jituwa tsakanin majalisa da bangaren zartarwa.
Ya ce, “Kyakkyawar alakar da ke tsakanin Bangaren Zartarwa da na Majalisa, yana tasiri sosai ga ci gaban kasa, ita kuwa rigima a koyaushe tana shafar harkokin mulki.
“Majalisa tana yin fafutika da kuma jajircewa don tabbatar da ’yancin kanta, sai dai a mafi yawan lokuta ana ganin suna kasancewa masu biyyaya ne ga duk irin abin da sashin zartarwa ya gabatar musu.
“Za a iya cewa tasirin ’yan majalisa ne ya sa Obasanjo dole ya sake tunani a yunkurinsa na yin mulki kamar soja,” in ji shi.
