✕ CLOSE Noma Da Kiwo Hotuna Kiwon Lafiya Girke-Girke Sana'o'i Kimiyya da Kere-Kere Ra'ayin Aminiya Ra’ayoyi Rahoto
Click Here To Listen To Trust Radio Live

Tarihin Siyasa a Najeriya: Tunawa da mazan jiya (1)

Turawan mulkin mallaka sun rinka shugabantar talakawan yankin Arewa karkashin sarakunan mulki na gargajiya abin da ake kira a Turance ‘Indirect Rule’. A lokacin, an…

Turawan mulkin mallaka sun rinka shugabantar talakawan yankin Arewa karkashin sarakunan mulki na gargajiya abin da ake kira a Turance ‘Indirect Rule’.

A lokacin, an rage wa sarakuna karfin iko, ta hanyar samar da wani tsari mai suna ‘Natibe Authority’ (NA), wanda ya kunshi Sarki mai kula da talakawa da karbar haraji, sai Alkali mai kula da shari’o’i, da kuma Ma’aji mai kula da baitil malin abin da sarakuna suka tattara.

Don haka kowanne sarki zai fita lokaci-zuwa-lokaci ya tattaro haraji da jangali, ya ci mutuncin duk wanda bai bayar ba, kamar yadda Turawan mulki suka kakaba wa ‘yan kasa.

Baya ga haka, wajibi ne ga kowanne magidanci  ya tanaji kudin da zai biya a matsayin haraji a kan kansa da wurin kasuwancinsa. Sannan a kan ‘ya’yansa maza ma akwai haraji da zai biya musu da wasu lamurra idan suka bijiro masa, kamar misalin yin aure ko gina sabon daki a gidansa.

Kasancewar yankin Arewa bai tumbatsa da masu ilimin zamani ba, wutar neman ‘yanci da kawar da talakawa daga wannan kunci ba ta soma ruruwa da wurwuri ba a yankin, abin da kurum aka fi sani a wancan lokai shi ne: an haramta cinikayyar bayi, to amma biyayyar da talakawa ke yi wa sarakai ba ta canza ba, duk kuma wanda ya yi yunkurin tada kayar baya ko bore garesu, yanzun nan zai hadu da fushin ‘yan doka.

Mutumin da kusan za a iya cewa shi ne ya fara kawo tunanin samar da kungiyar kwato ’yanci a yankin Arewa shi ne Mallam Sa’adu Zungur bayan ya je Legas yin karatu, tare da gane wa idanunsa yadda irinsu Dokta Nnamdi Azikwe da Herbert Macaulay da su Awolowo ke fafutika da Turawa a madadin yankunansu, sai kuwa da ya komo gida ya assassa kafa wata kungiyar malamai mai suna ‘Zaria Literary Society’ a shekarar 1939 sa’ar da aka tura shi aikin koyarwa a makarantar kula da lafiyar muhalli ta Zariya. Daga baya sunan kungiyar ya sauya zuwa ‘Zaria Improbement Union’ a shekarar 1941.

Sa’adu Zungur ya shiga faɗakar da masu ilimin boko ‘yan uwansa na zamanin cewar zaluncin da Turawan mulkin mallaka suke yi a kasa ya yi yawa, domin ba haka suke yi a kasarsu ba. Sannan ya ce akwai bukatar kowanne majalisar Sarki ta N.A a samar da zababbun wakilai masu ba da shawara kamar yadda ake yi a Ingila, inda za ka ga akwai majalisu da suka kunshi wakilcin kungiyoyi da talakawa karkashin masarauta, wadanda kuma suke da fada aji a wasu lamurra.

A shekarar 1943 kuma sai wani ɗan gwagwarmaya mai rajin kwatar ‘yanci shi ma ya kafa kungiyar nema wa mutanen Arewa mafita daga kuncin da suke ciki mai suna ‘Northern Elements Progressibe Association’ NEPA bayan ya samu ganawa da Dokta Nnamdi Azikwe shugaban NCNC. Matashin dan kabilar Ebira ne mazaunin Kano, sunansa Habib Raji Abdullahi.

 A Bauchi kuma, sai Mallam Sa’adu Zungur da wasu malaman makaranta da ke koyarwa a Kwalejin Horarwa ta Bauchi irinsu Mallam Aminu Kano da Abubakar Tafawa balewa suka sake kafa wata kungiyar mai suna ‘Bauchi General Improbement Union’, daga baya suka tashi wata mai suna ‘Bauchi Discussion circle’.

Ana haka sai jihohi suka rinka kafa kungiyoyinsu bisa ganin yadda ‘yan boko ‘yanuwansu ke kafa kungiyoyi don samar da cigaban jiharsu. Ilimi da wayewar kai na zagayawa ke nan sannu a hankali.

Bisa haka ne kungiyar Samarin Kano ta kafu, wadda Su Abdulkadir Adamu dan Jaji suka kafa, sannan kungiyar Samarin Sokoto  ta kafu, wadda su Shehu Shagari da Ibrahim Gusau da Ahmadu Bello da Sani Dingyadi da irinsu suka shiga a wajajen shekarar 1947.

Wadannan kungiyoyi sun kira zama domin samar da hadin kai a Zariya da mafitar yankin Arewa a tsakanin shekarar 1947 zuwa 1948, amma zaman ya tashi babu nasara bisa zargin cewar akwai ‘yan leken asirin sarakuna da Turawan mulkin mallaka a cikin mahalarta taron.

A wannan lokaci kuwa, zamanin mulkin Shugaban kasa Sir. Arthur Richard ne, wanda ya yi sabon kundin tsarin mulki har ya sahalewa majalisar yankunan Najeriya ciki har da yankin Arewa damar zaben wakilai, to amma Gwamnonin Turawa na Arewa da sarakuna ba su ba da damar kafa jamiyyar siyasa ba. Don haka zaben wakilan majalisar Arewa da aka yi na shekarar 1946 kusan a indifenda aka yi shi.

A wannan zaben na 1946, aka zabi Alhaji Muhammadu Ribado dan majalisa daga Borno, aka kuma zabi Abubakar Tafawa balewa dan majalisa daga Bauchi duk a zauren majalisar Arewa.

A shekarar 1948 Sa’adu zungur ya tafi Legas don fafutikar kafa Jam’iyyar Al’ummar Najeriya ta Arewa JANA (JANA), anan ne kuma ya zamo akawun jam’iyyar NCNC tasu Dokta Azikwe. 

A dai-dai lokacin kuma sai waɗancan kungiyoyi na arewa suka sake kiran zaman tattaunawa na biyu a garin Jos, wanda a nan aka hadu a kan ya kamata a kafa kungiyar cigaban yankin Arewa mai suna ‘Northern Progressibe Congress’ (NPC).

Wani Likita mai suna Dokta R.B Dikko ne ya zamo shugaba, sai ‘yan gwagwarmaya irinsu Yusuf Maitama Sule, Abubakar Imam da Sa’adu Zungur (wanda ba ya wurin) Aminu Kano da Yahaya Gusau da Dokta Rafi da sauransu suka zamo a kunshin jadawalin shugabannin kungiya.

A shekarar 1949 aka kama Habibu Abdullahi Raji da wasu mabiya kungiyarsa ta NEPA aka garakame a kurkuku bisa zargin suka da aibunta mulkin Turawa ta hannun sarakuna, aka kuma cigaba da muzgunawa duk wani da yake aibanta mulkin Turawa ko sarakunan gargajiya.

Sai dai duk da haka,  ‘yan boko ba su karaya ba tunda a shekarar 1950 kungiyar can ta NPC ta shirya zabe a Kano, a nan ne kuma manyan mutane suka shigo ciki wadanda ake ganin sarakuna ne suka ingizo su, domin karbe ikon kungiyar tare da dakushe haskenta. Da aka shiga zabe a lokacin sai ya zamana kusan an kawar da matasan cikin wannan kungiya irin su Yusuf Maitama Sule daga kunshin shugabannin kungiya, alhali kuwa sune suka haifeta. 08060869978 <[email protected]>