Tafiyar kafa mai nisa a hamadar Arewa maso Gabashin Nijar takan dangana bako ga kauyukan da gishiri da yumbun da ke kan duwatsu tare da yashin sahara da ke kewaye a kasa suka mamaye, wadannan na daga cikin abubuwan ban mamaki da ban sha’awa a yankin Sahel.
Masu ratsa sahara kan tsaya a gaban “ksars” na Djado, suna mamakin katangu da hasumiyoyi da hanyoyin tafiyar boye da rijiyoyi da suka zama tamkar wadanda aka kone, duka wadannan hujjoji ne da ke nuna fikirar kwararrun masu zayyana irin na dauri – da tarihi ya manta da hikimarsu.
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Shin wane ne ya yi tunanin gina wadannan matsugunai a cikin kufai da kangaye – sannan mene ne dalilan da suka gina su – tambayoyi ne da ba a taba samun cikakkun amsoshinsu ba.
Sannan wani abin daure kai a nan, mene ne dalilin da ya sa aka watsar da wuraren.
Sai dai ba wani binciken tarihi ko kuma wata shaidar kimiyya da aka samar domin fayyace abubuwan al’ajabin nan.
Djado na cikin yankin kuduffan Kawar, mai tazarar kilomita 1,300 (mil 800) daga Yamai babban birnin kasar, kusa da kan iyakar Nijar da Libya mai fama da rikici.
A shekarun baya, yankin ya zama hanyar da fatake suke zirgazirga cikin sahara, amma a yanzu Kawar ta zama mahadar da ake fataucin miyagun kwayoyi da makamai.
Mugun sunan da yankin ya yi abu ne da kan sanya faduwar gaba a zuciyar matafiyi, in ba matafiyin da ya kudurce wa bulaguron haikan ba.
“Tun 2002 rabon da masu yawon bude-ido na kasashen waje su san kafa a nan,” in ji Sidi Aba Laouel, Magajin Garin Chirfa, gundumar da garuruwan yankin Djado suke.
“Lokacin da harkar yawon shakatawa take kan ganiyarta, tattalin arzikin al’ummar ya yi yauki.”
Amma albarka ta sauka a yankin a shekarar 2014 lokacin da aka gano yankin yana shakare da arzikin zinare, lamarin da ya san aka samu tudadar masu hakar ma’adanan daga kasashen Yammacin Afirka daban-daban inda aka samu farfadowar harkokin rayuwar yau da kullum da na tattalin arziki.
Sai dai su ma barayin daji da ke aikaaikarsu a kan tsaunuka sun taimaka gaya. Kalilan din sababbin baki masu shigowa kasar ke nuna sha’awar ziyartar ksars.
Magajin Gari yana taka-tsantsan lokacin da yake magana game da tarihin yankin, yana mai nuna wagegen gibin ilimin tarihin da ake da shi a kan yankin.
Ya yi nuni ne ga tsofaffin kwafi-kwafin takardu a cikin akwatinsa na aikin da Albert le Roubreur, wani jami’in sojan Faransa a zamanin mulkin mallaka da ke Chirfa ya yi, wanda ya yi kokarin karin haske kan tarihi ko asalin yankin.
Al’ummar Sao (Sawo) da ke zaune a yankin tun zamanin dauri, su ne mutanen farko da aka sani a Kawar, kuma watakila su ne suka aza tubali ko katangar farko a garin.
A tsakanin Karni na 13 zuwa na 15, al’ummar Barebari sun kafa kansu a yankin.
An kusan kawar da tushen da suka dasa na wayewarsu a cikin Karni na 18 da 19 sakamakon yadda aka yi ta samun farmakin makiyaya Abzinawa da Larabawa sannan daga bisani hare-haren ’yan kabilar Toubou.
Zuwan Turawa na farko a farkon Karni na 20 shi ne silar farko na gushewar gine-ginen na ksar wadanda suke a matsayin kariya daga mahara.
Sojojin Faransa sun mamaye yankin a shekarar 1923.
A yanzu, Barebari da Toubou sun zama al’umma guda, amma shugabannin gargajiya na yankin da ake kira Mai, sun fito ne daga zuriyar Barebari.
Su ne suke masu rike da al’ada sannan masu kula da adabi ko tarihin baka. Amma ko a wajen nasu, kusan holoko kawai na tarihin yankin ya rage.
“Ko kakanninmu ma ba su san cikakken tarihinmu ba. Ba mu ajiye bayanai,” in ji Kiari Kelaoui Abari Chegou, Shugaban al’ummar Barebarin.
(Al jazeera)
