bangaren farko shi ne wanda ke can kasa; duk sauran bangarorin an gina su ne a samansa. Wannan bangare kuwa shi ne asalin madarar babbar manhajar Linud, wato Linud Kernel kenan. Babbar manhajar Linud daya ce daga cikin shahararrun manhajojin da kwamfutocin duniya a yau ke dauke da su, kuma ana kididdige ta daga cikin mafi inganci. Wadanda suka gina babbar manhajar Android sun zabi wannan babbar manhaja ce saboda saukin mu’amala da take dauke da shi; kowace na’urar sadarwa na iya daukar wannan babbar manhaja. Na biyu, tana dauke da kariya (Security), ba irin babbar manhajar Windows ba. Domin galibin kamfanonin duniya masu ta’ammali da bayanai masu dimbin yawa, da ita suke amfani a kwamfutocinsu. Wannan bangare ne ke lura da dukkan mu’amalar da mai waya ke yi da babbar manhajar Android, da kokarin ba shi kariya ko bayanan da yake mu’amala da su.
Na uku, wannan babbar manhaja ta Linud tana da siffofi masu kayatarwa, musamman wajen manejin makamashi (Power Management), da agaza wa kwakwalwa da ma’adanar waya wajen manejin mahallin dake wayar (Memory Management), da ingancin siginar rediyo ko yanayin sadarwa da kuma ingantaccen tsarin samar da Intanet. Wannan bangare na Linud Kernel, bangaren farko kenan, wanda ke can kasa. Mai waya ba zai taba ganin wannan bangare ba, idan ba kwararre ba ne shi a fannin sadarwa. Ko a haka ma, sai ya yi amfani da wasu manhajoji na musamman kafin ya iya aiwatar da sadarwa da wannan bangare na babbar manhajar. Amma ga wanda yake gama-gari, ba abin da ya shafe shi da wannan bangare. An gina wannan bangare ne da dabarar gina manhajar kwamfuta mai suna “C Programming Language.”
bangaren babbar manhajar Android na biyu shi ne wanda ke saman bangaren “Linud Kernel,” wato: “Natibe Layer.” Wannan bangare mai suna “Natibe Layer” shi ne ke dauke da madaukan babbar manhajar. Abin da kalmar “Madaukai” ke nufi shi ne, bangarorin da babbar manhajar ta tanada don baiwa manhajojin da mai mu’amala da wayar ke amfani da su damar taskance bayanansu. Misali, akwai tsarin da babbar manhajar Android ke amfani da shi wajen baiwa wayar damar taskance bayanai, kafin mai waya ya bukace su. Misali, idan ka tashi neman sunan abokinka dake wayarka, kakan shiga manhajar “Contacts” ne, ka zakulo sunan. Asali wadannan sunaye ba a cikin manhajar “Contacts” suke ba; suna cikin rumbun adana bayanan da babbar manhajar ta tanada ne (ba ma’adanar waya irin su “Memory Card” ko “Phone Memory” nake nufi ba). Wannan rumbun adana bayanai shi ake kira “Database.” Tsarin da ke samar da wannan runbun bayanai kuwa shi ne: “SkLite.” Kuma ire-irensa ne ke dauke a wannan mataki na biyu, wato: “Natibe Layer.” Ire-iren wadannan tsare-tsare da ke wannan bangare na biyu, gaba dayansu, su ake kira “Android Libraries,” kuma an gina su ne da dabarun gina manhajar kwamfuta masu suna: “C” da “C++” (C plus plus).
Sai bangare na uku, wanda ake kira: “Application Framework.” Wannan bangare shi ne ke dauke da tsarin dake tafiyar da manhajojin da muke mu’amala da su. Misali, idan ka latsa tambarin manhajar “Message” don rubutawa da aika sakon tes, tsarin da ya zaburar da manhajar ta loda kanta daga ma’adanar waya inda take kwance, har ta bude don ba ka damar rubutu da aikawa, ana kiransa: “Actibity Manager.” Wannan tsari mai suna “Actibity Manager” aikinsa ne zaburarwa (Initialising), da kunnawa (Starting), da dakatarwa (Pausing), da kashewa (Stopping), da kuma batar da kowace irin manhaja ko masarrafa (Destroying) da ke wayarka. Wannan tsari na aiwatar da aikinsa ne da zarar ka latsa manhaja ko alamar masarrafar da kake son budewa a shafin wayarka. Yana da dabi’u guda biyar zuwa shida (irin su “Actibity” da “Intent” da sauran makamantansu) wadanda ta hanyarsu yake aiwatar da wannan aiki. Bayani na tafe kan tsarin “Actibity Manager” da dabi’unsa, in Allah Ya so. A takaice dai, wannan tsari da sauran makamantansa, su ne ke dauke a bangaren babbar manhajar Android na uku, wato: “Android Application Framework.”
bangare na karshe shi ne mahallin da manhajojin mai waya ke gudanuwa a kai. Wadannan su ne abubuwan da mai waya ke iya gani da zarar ya budo wayar; ya Allah a “Menu” ne, ko a “Settings” ne, ko a “Home Screen” ne ko kuma a “Notification Center” ne. A takaice dai, duk wani abin da mai waya ke iya ganinsa da idonsa, har ya yi mu’amala da shi a wayarsa, to yana dauke ne a wannan bangare na hudu, wanda shi ne a saman dukkan sauran bangarorin da bayanansu suka gabata. Wannan bangare shi ake kira “User Applications Layer,” kuma duk manhajojin da kake gani a nan, kashi 90 cikin 100, an gina su ne da dabarun gina manhajar kwamfuta mai suna “Jaba Programming Language.” Misalinsu su ne: “Contacts,” da “Message,” da dai sauransu. Wadannan ana kiransu “User Applications” kai tsaye.
Irin su lambobin waya kuma, da sakonnin tes da aka aiko maka, da hotunan da ke jakar “Images” ko “ Pictures” dinka, da bidiyon da ke dauke a manhajarka ta “bideo” ko “Multimedia” suna dauke ne cikin wasu madaukai da ake kira “Android Components.” Mai karatu zai yi mamakin jin cewa lambobin wayarsa da sakonnin da aka aiko masa ba a cikin manhajar “Contacts” ko “Message” suke ba, alhali su yake budowa don ganin lambobin ko sakonnin. Lallai ba a ciki suke ba. Su wadannan manhajoji na “Contacts” da “Message” da kake latsawa don budowa, ba komai bane illa ‘yan aike. Cikakken bayani na nan tafe kan hakikaninsu.
